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For VGA you just need to wait for 2 hsyncs per iteration, i.e. EGA and VGA need their own loops. I'm using that technique for a copper bar effect in mode x0d somewhere, changing the background color every other 2 scanlines. I always thought that the offset register and PEL only took effect on...

Sounds interesting. Is this it? https://pushbx.org/ecm/web/#projects-ldebug

I saw your question earlier in the week and because I don't have a straight and easy answer I didn't bother writing a reply. But... This question kept rolling around in my brain and even though I still don't have a straight and easy answer, I'll have a stab at writing some thoughts. Can it be...

You can probably do something like this (of the top of my head): long myfunc( ... ) { long handle; ... asm mov [word ptr handle + 0], ax asm mov [word ptr handle + 2], dx ... return handle; }

I don't think there is. If CARRY is ZERO then the range of handles would theoretically be from 0 to 65535.

The CARRY flag is set when there was an error. So, when CARRY is set, AX is the error code. https://stanislavs.org/helppc/int_21-3d.html

It probably doesn't matter to finding an answer to your problem but I have never seen this appoach to packed structs in Watcom C before. The only method I have used is the #pragma directive: #pragma pack(push) #pragma pack(1) typedef struct { } FOO; #pragma pack(pop) The (push) and (pop)...

Valid points, but what I am after is far more simplistic. If I was doing anything more serious I would certainly look into the suggestions made here. The link with the CT-VOICE.DRV I posted earlier seems to have everything I need for my purpose, so I'll go with that. Thanks all.

Thanks guys. I think the word "driver" might have thrown some people off in what it is that I am trying to do. I basically just want to externalise some behaviour of my program, e.g. a sound driver. Where each driver (e.g. a .DRV file) implements the same interface but different behaviour...

No idea what PLI/80 overlay files are. More like video and sound drivers like in old Sierra games.

Hi all. I'm working on a little project for which I want to have a driver model. E.g. to have an external binary file (e.g. a .COM file) that can be loaded into memory and and then functions within the file to be executed. I was wondering if anyone has an example on how to do this? I'm using...

MASM doesn't run on Linux.

It seems that all the problems I have run into with WASM have been resolved by JWASM. No idea that it existed but switching to it has been a good move for me. https://wiki.osdev.org/JWASM https://www.japheth.de/JWasm.html

In MASM 5 you have to do it like this: STUDENT struct student_status db ? student_age db ? student_name 20 dup(?) STUDENT ends TEACHER struct teacher_status db ? teacher_name db 20 dup(?) TEACHER ends I.e. the attribute names within the strucuture must be globally unique (to the...

Found this interesting bit in a random MASM 6.1 document [1] from a google search (on page 96): So, I guess that clears that up. Not a bug but WASMs MASM support is probably MASM version 5 or something... [1] https://www.mikrocontroller.net/attachment/450367/MASM61PROGUIDE.pdf

I never really used WASM either but I am very famlier with the Watcom toolchain, its what I used to use back in the day for C programming. The OpenWatcom version is pretty good and since it run natively on Linux I can run a build with Make in a "normal" terminal (rather than the 80x40, no...

Its not 100% clear to me to what extend WASM is compatible with MASM, it has a -zqm=masm command line option but there is no indication of version and/or support. I assume its either an old version or not fully compatible. When I tested to verify if the same behaviour would occur with MASM I...

Thanks @daver2. What you're saying is true but the question/conversation is about "pointers to structures", see the answer by @carlos12 as it might clarify things. However, I found the problem to the nested issue. I am actually using OpenWatcom Assembler (WASM) which is MASM compatible, at...

Ran into another snag... Nested structs... 🤔 SCORE_CARD struct period dw ? score db ? SCORE_CARD ends STUDENT struct status db ? score_cards SCORE_CARD 10 dup(<>) age db ? name 20 dup(?) STUDENT ends If now trying to get the offset of "age" it returns what seems a "random" value...

Thanks @carlos12 much appreciated. I see, I did try something like that using the pointer (add si,student_ptr.name) assuming that the assembler would be smart enough the figure it out, but alas. But I see, I should be using the "struct definition itself" to obtain the offset of the attribute...