Here are some more continuity tests:
I did these checks with replacement TI chips for U2, U3, U4, and U5.
U3 pin 1 to ISA edge connector pin A11: Yes
U3 pin 2 to ISA edge connector pin A26: Yes
U3 pin 4 to ISA edge connector pin A25: Yes
U3 pin 6 to ISA edge connector pin A24: Yes
U3 pin 8 to ISA edge connector pin A23: Yes
U3 pin 9 to U3 pin 20: No
U3 pin 11 to ISA edge connector pin A22: No
U3 pin 12 to U3 pin 20: No
U3 pin 13 to U3 pin 10: Yes
U3 pin 14 to U3 pin 10: Yes
U3 pin 15 to U3 pin 10: Yes
U3 pin 16 to U3 pin 10: Yes
U3 pin 17 to U3 pin 10: Yes
U3 pin 18 to U3 pin 10: Yes
U3 pin 19 to U4 pin 2: No
U4 pin 1 to U5 pin 1: Yes
U4 pin 2 to U4 pin 5: Yes
U4 pin 4 to U5 pin 2: Yes
U5 pin 1 to ISA edge connector pin A27: No
Also, post some good pics of the card that you assembled, showing your soldering on the back and on the cf slot.
Do you have a logic probe or oscilloscope ?
I do not have a logic probe. I do have an analog oscilloscope; I only know the very basics so far of how to use it.
No not reformat, Use something like DiskPart with the "Clean all" option or hddguru's low level format tool to completely zero out the whole cf card.
I'll try this next.
https://hddguru.com/software/HDD-LLF-Low-Level-Format-Tool/