Those are 12 pin headers, not 10 pin.Looks like a hard disk controller for MFM/RLL/ESDI: all which have a 34-pin and two 10-pin connectors.
There is no data connector for MFM/RLL.
Perhaps a proprietary interface for a tape drive?
If that is a rom in the socket in the upper right, perhaps dumping it would reveal some model information.
More likely this ROM uses a different chip select or set of chip select pins than a common ROM/EPROM. You might need to consult the datasheet (but the picture is too blurry for me to see the part number) If there are multiple select lines they may be programmable, in which case you might need to experiment.I had checked the rom, but it seems it loss its contents.. So its blank after 30 years.