Also, if the disk drive is dirty, it may have trouble reading some disks - try cleaning the head. And if the speed is off, you could have issues reading some disks as well. You can check/calibrate the speed easily using Copy II+.
Do other large programs work correctly on your computer? It's possible to have a bad RAM chip in an upper bank, allowing smaller programs to work but larger ones to crash. This is more common on the II+, due to it's failure prone 4116 RAM. What kind of computer is it?
But it is definitely possible to have a disk that is simply damaged in one way or another and produce the symptoms you describe. the directory track is probably just fine (hence why you can list it), but one of the other tracks containing program data could be damaged. If you still can't read it and other disks work fine, and your drives check out, then it's probably just a bad disk. Fortunately, pretty much every Apple II game is available online, just download it and write out a copy on fresh disks.
-Ian