I get a Parity Error 1 ... Could the motherboard itself cause any of this? I ask as I have another one, curious if I could / should try that or dont waste my time?
I am sure that the following will answer that question.
The PARITY CHECK message is displayed by code in the 5160 motherboard ROM. It results when RAM support circuitry calculates the parity (odd) of a byte read from an address within conventional memory, AND, that parity does not match with the parity recorded for that address (recorded at the time that the byte was earlier written). Such a situation results in the motherboard generating a non-maskable interrupt (NMI) to the CPU, and as a result, the CPU jumps to the NMI handler routine (in motherboard ROM), and that generates either:
* "PARITY CHECK 1" if the address corresponds to motherboard RAM; or
* "PARITY CHECK 2" if the address corresponds to expansion card RAM.
The NMI handler routine then halts.
Doing some research, here are some known causes:
INTERMITTENT: Many years ago, there was someone on these forums who tracked down their intermittent PARITY CHECK messages to 'noisy' house electricity. The PARITY CHECK was coincident with the house air-conditioner's compressor pump kicking in.
INTERMITTENT: Intermittent RAM chip.
INTERMITTENT: Intermittent RAM support circuitry.
INTERMITTENT: Intermittent DMA circuitry (dynamic RAM refresh on a 5150/5160 is done via dummy DMA transfers).
INTERMITTENT: See [
here].
POWER ON: See [
here].
RUNNING A PROGRAM: A member found that 3C503.EXE had to be run using the /S switch, else PARITY CHECK 1 resulted. /S changes the DMA mode used by 3C503.EXE from 'demand' to 'single byte'. Demand mode must have been impacting on motherboard RAM refresh (on a 5150/5160, done via dummy DMA transfers).
WARM BOOT: Using IBM's '512KB/2MB Memory Expansion Option' card in the later models of the IBM AT causes PARITY CHECK 2.
... I get a Parity Error 1 and ?????????? as a result and the floppy drive light stays on and the drive seems to be running until I power off the computer.
As SomeGuy wrote, it would be interesting to see whether or not CheckIt finds fault with your system (minus hard drive and its controller).