If you have a picture of a black cat in a coal cellar at midnight on the monitor screen, this may be due to any number of reasons. Adjusting R12 and looking at the screen does not help anyone one iota.
What have I already told you many, many times before?
Use the oscilloscope...
The purpose of R12 is to adjust the composite video signal from the C64 in order to 'match' the input to the transistorised separator consisting of Q1 and Q2. The purpose of this circuit is to extract the VIDEO signal and the COMPOSITE SYNCHRONISATION signal from the C64 composite signal.
The extracted VIDEO signal should have no synchronisation pulses polluting it.
Likewise, the extracted COMPOSITE SYNCHRONISATION signal should have no video signal polluting it.
You can, therefore, only adjust R12 by connecting an an oscilloscope to the two identified points and monitoring them 'by eye'.
However, in order to do this, you have to know what you are looking for. I have already explained this to you.
After that, you 'chase' the signals through the logic gates until you get the to the HDRIVE, VDRIVE and VIDEO signals of the monitor.
If any of the signals are missing, you need to ask yourself why.
If all of the signals are present, then we can work with that moving forwards.
Dave